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人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)属于疱疹病毒β亚家族,感染率高,分布广泛,原发感染后不易完全清除,导致长期的潜伏感染。自然杀伤(NK)细胞在抗病毒感染固有免疫中起到重要作用,HCMV长期潜伏期间采取一系列措施逃避NK细胞的杀伤,其免疫逃避机制十分复杂,如编码宿主基因同源物、微小RNA等。本文综述近年来对HCMV逃避NK细胞免疫机制的研究结果。
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) belongs to the beta subfamily of herpesviruses, and has a high infection rate and widespread distribution. It is not easy to completely eliminate the primary infection and lead to long-term latent infection. Natural killer (NK) cells play an important role in the innate immunity to antiviral infection. The long-term latent period of HCMV adopts a series of measures to escape the killing of NK cells. The mechanism of immune evasion is very complicated. For example, encoding host gene homologues and microRNAs . This review summarizes the results of studies on the mechanism of HCMV evading NK cells in recent years.