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本试验采用了 North Carolina 设计Ⅱ的试验方法以探讨茶树的产量,品质以及一些有关性状遗传变异性。所研究的全部参数均显示出相当大的变异,对于大多数的性状来说,子代间的差异皆因于一般配合力而不是特殊配合力。在产量和品质方面,二者的狭义遗传力相对较低。计算全部变量组合所得的相关系数表明,产量和品质间呈负相关。芽梢密度是左右产量的一个最重要的因子。为了进一步阐明这种关系的复杂性,采用了主要分量的分析。生长直立且单位面积芽梢量大及梢条伸展快的茶树,将可代表高产基因型。其对选育种的意义得作了讨论。茶(Camellia SinenSisL)是一种起源于东南亚的多年生常绿灌木。现在世界上许多地区都有种植。由于不同的遗传起源和种间的异变性,茶多为选择性差,异质性强的植物群体。然而,对具有遗传性一致而园艺性优良的无性营养繁殖苗的需求不断增加,使得创造新的和合乎商业要求的栽培品种显得极其重要,而这只能在试验数据和完整的遗传学原理的基础上通过育种和选拦的一系列措施后才能达到目的。为此,有必要彻底了解主要的有关性状的遗传学结构和一些农艺特征,以及这两者间的相互关系。本研究是为了获得茶叶产量,品质和几个有关性状的资料而进行的。其目的包括加性基固作用即一般配合力(GcA)和非加性基因作用即特殊配合力(ScA)两者相对重要性的估算,从而获得其狭义遗传力。另外,还对各个变量之间的相互关系进行了广泛的测定。性状的检验包括产量,产量的组成以及在田间能简易进行并有实际意义的一些形态学上的参数。同时,在本试验中还对茶叶质量和可作衡量质量的另一个辅助指标——发酵性能进行了调查。茶叶的质量是通过发酵过程中的茶黄素生成量来衡量,它决定了茶叶在市场上的价格。此外也分析了三个很有可能影响净同化率的生理性状。其中,表皮抗性对水分的散发作用应受到特别的注意,因为 Nagarajah 在1979年就说过,表皮抗性与产量能力存在负相关关系。另外,木质部水势也可能作为一个有价值的选择标准。因为 Squire 1976 年也指出过,木质部水势低,茶叶产量就高。
In this study, North Carolina Design II was used to investigate the yield and quality of tea trees and the genetic variability of some related traits. All of the parameters studied showed considerable variation, and for most traits, the difference between offspring was due to general combining ability rather than special combining ability. In terms of yield and quality, the narrow sense of heritability is relatively low. Correlation coefficients calculated by combining all the variables showed that there was a negative correlation between yield and quality. Budding density is one of the most important factors for yield. To further clarify the complexity of this relationship, a major component analysis was used. Growing upright and shoots per unit area of large shoots and rapid extension of the tea tree, will be able to represent high-yielding genotypes. Its significance for breeding is discussed. Camellia SinenSisL is a perennial evergreen shrub that originated in Southeast Asia. Now planted in many parts of the world. Due to different genetic origins and interspecies variability, Cha Duo is a poorly selective and heterogeneous plant population. However, the increasing demand for genetically vegetative and vegetative vegetatively propagated plants with good horticulture makes it extremely important to create new and commercially desirable cultivars, which can only be achieved with experimental data and complete genetic principles Based on a series of measures through breeding and election to achieve this goal. For this reason, it is necessary to have a thorough understanding of the major genetic traits and some agronomic traits of the trait, as well as the interrelationship between the two. This study was conducted to obtain information on tea yield, quality and several related traits. The purpose of this study is to estimate the relative importance of GcA and non-additive genes (ScA), thus obtaining their narrow heritability. In addition, a wide range of determinations of the interrelationships among the various variables were also made. The test of traits includes yield, composition of yield, and some morphological parameters that can be easily and practically useful in the field. In the meantime, tea quality and another auxiliary index that can be used as a measure of quality - fermentability were also investigated in this experiment. The quality of tea is measured by the amount of theaflavins produced in the fermentation process, which determines the price of tea on the market. In addition, three physiological traits that are likely to affect net assimilation rates were also analyzed. Among them, the role of epidermal resistance in the distribution of water deserves special attention, as Nagarajah said in 1979 that there was a negative correlation between epidermal resistance and yield capacity. In addition, xylem water potential may also serve as a valuable selection criterion. Because Squire also pointed out in 1976, xylem water potential is low, tea yield is high.