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细胞免疫通过不同的作用机制影响着结核病的病程及转归。CD4+和CD8+T细胞通过不同的作用机制参与机体对结核杆菌的免疫应答,T细胞亚群动力学和细胞因子表达方式随着损伤的类型和程度而改变,γ干扰素、白细胞介素-12、肿瘤坏死因子-α及结核结节的形成对有效地控制肺部结核菌扩散十分必要。诸多的细胞因子在免疫应答的调节和效应中起着重要作用,其在体内水平的高低直接影响机体免疫状况。探讨结核病细胞免疫反应及影响因素对结核病的预防、诊治和预后有重要意义。
Cellular immunity affects the course and outcome of tuberculosis through different mechanisms of action. CD4 + and CD8 + T cells are involved in the body’s immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis through different mechanisms of action. The dynamics of T cell subsets and the expression of cytokines change with the type and degree of injury. Interferon-gamma, interleukin-12 , Tumor necrosis factor-α and tuberculosis nodules formation is very necessary to effectively control the spread of pulmonary tuberculosis. Many cytokines play an important role in the regulation and effect of immune response, and their in vivo levels directly affect the immune status. To explore the tuberculosis immune response and influencing factors of tuberculosis prevention, diagnosis and treatment and prognosis of great significance.