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死亡是人生中无可避免的事情,是包含在我们生命中的本质的东西。因此在不同的国家,死亡都是诗歌中永恒不衰的主题。然而不同的文化背景造就对死亡不同的理解。在日本诗歌中感叹生命短暂与人生无常是常见的主题;而在英语诗歌中,死亡并不意味着人生的终结,反而是通往永生之路。日本的诗人关注自然的变易、飘零和毁灭,对死亡的忧思多源自于自然生命本身的悲剧性;而英美诗人的忧伤则是更多地与人生境遇和现实政治相连,具有浓厚的时代气息。日本诗歌中强调在面对死亡之时追求主体生命意志的高扬;英语诗歌中死亡的意象则往往和宗教相连。
Death is an unavoidable thing in life and is the essence of what is contained in our lives. Therefore, in different countries, death is the eternal theme in poetry. However, different cultural backgrounds lead to different interpretations of death. In Japanese poetry, the short life and impermanence of life are the common themes. In English poetry, death does not mean the end of life, but the way to eternal life. Japanese poets pay attention to the change of nature, falling and destruction, the worry about death stems mostly from the tragedy of natural life itself, while the sorrows of British and American poets are more connected with life’s circumstance and real politics with a strong era breath. In Japanese poetry, emphasis is placed on the pursuit of the will to life of the subject in the face of death; the image of death in English poetry is often associated with religion.