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对杉木种质资源库中103个嫁接无性系树高、胸径、材积、木材基本密度、管胞长度、管胞宽度、管胞长宽比等生长材质性状进行测定分析发现:各性状在无性系间差异显著至极显著,广泛变异,其中以材积变异程度最大,变异系数为36.23%;树高、胸径、材积、木材基本密度、管胞宽度重复力相对较高(>50%)。遗传相关分析结果表明:木材基本密度和生长性状及管胞宽度间、管胞宽度与管胞长宽比间均表现为遗传负相关;而不同生长性状间、管胞长度与管胞宽度及管胞长宽比间、木材基本密度和管胞长宽比间、管胞长度和管胞长宽比与胸径材积间则显示为遗传正相关。此外,采用基于指数选择的无约束和约束法分别对无性系进行综合选择,发现均有一定数目无性系入选;与无约束选择相比,约束选择有效排除木材基本密度过小无性系,选择效果更为明显。约束选择中,在材积获得28.77%遗传增益时(20%入选率下),木材基本密度遗传增益值达到最大;当材积实现最大遗传增益时(10%入选率下),管胞长度遗传增益值也有较大幅度提高(0.62%)。说明在杉木多性状综合选择中获得生长材质皆优无性系是可能的,进行改良也是可行的。
The growth traits of 103 grafted clones in Chinese fir germplasm resources bank were studied, including tree height, DBH, volume, basic density of wood, tracheid length, tracheid width and tracheid length-width ratio. The results showed that: Among them, the variation in volume was the largest with the variation coefficient of 36.23%. The tree height, diameter at breast height, volume, basic wood density and tracheid width were relatively high (> 50%). The results of genetic correlation analysis showed that there was a genetic negative correlation between the basic density, the growth traits and the tracheid width, the tracheid width and the tracheid length-width ratio. However, the tracheid length and tracheid width and tube The ratio of cell length to width, basic wood density and tracheid length-width ratio, tracheid length, tracheid length-width ratio and DBH volume showed a positive genetic correlation. In addition, the clonal selection based on the index-based unconstrained and constrained methods were used to select the clones respectively, and a certain number of clones were selected. Compared with the unrestrained selection, the constrained selection effectively eliminated the clonality of the wood with too small basic density, More obvious. In the constrained selection, the genetic gain of wood basic density reaches the maximum when the volume gain 28.77% genetic gain (20% entry rate); when the volume achieves the maximum genetic gain (10% entry rate), the tracheid length genetic gain There is also a substantial increase (0.62%). This shows that it is possible to obtain all the clones with excellent growth characteristics in the comprehensive selection of Chinese fir, and it is also feasible to make some improvements.