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近些时候,不少报刊、杂志上地理习题中出现了这样一道题目:如果地轴与地球公转轨道面的夹角变小了,对温度带分布的范围会产生什么影响。某年高考试卷中也出现了类似的题目,并規定标准答案为:热带、寒带的范围扩大了,温带的范围缩小了。细细推敲起来,答案并非这么简单。既然五带的划分标准是:有太阳直射的地区气温高,为热带;有极昼极夜的地区气温低,为寒带,介于热带与寒带之间,既无太阳直射又无极昼极夜,气温比热带低、比寒带高的地区为温带。那么,地轴与地球公转轨道面的夹角变小时,情况会不会也是这样呢? 一、假设地轴与地球公转轨道面的夹角由66.5°变小至46°时,那么太阳将在南北纬44°之间来回移动。按五带划分的标准,南北纬14°之间有太阳
In recent times, many newspapers and magazines have encountered such a problem in their geography exercises: If the angle between the earth’s axis and the earth’s orbital surface becomes smaller, what will happen to the temperature distribution range? A similar problem appeared in the examination paper of a certain year, and the standard answer was: The range of the tropics and the frigid zone has expanded, and the scope of the temperate zone has shrunk. When scrutinized, the answer is not so simple. Since the five belts are divided into the following standards: areas with direct sunlight have high temperatures and are tropical; areas with very polar nights have low temperatures, are frigid zones, and are between the tropics and the frigid zone. There are neither direct sun nor polar nights. The areas that are lower than the tropics and higher than the frigid zone are temperate. Then, if the angle between the Earth’s axis and the orbital surface of the Earth becomes smaller, will the situation be the same? First, assuming that the angle between the Earth’s axis and the Earth’s orbital surface decreases from 66.5° to 46°, then the Sun will be at the north and south latitudes. Move back and forth between 44°. According to the standard of five belts, there is a sun between north and south latitude 14°.