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综述了碳/二氧化硅复合材料的最新研究进展。首先简要论述了连续碳纤维和短切碳纤维增强二氧化硅基复合材料的制备方法及性能,其次重点介绍了制备过程中二氧化硅析晶的控制及添加剂的选择,复合材料优异的高低温力学性能和在航天器上的应用特性,如防热烧蚀、吸波。最后在分析基体内部碳纤维氧化机理的基础上,提出解决碳纤维氧化和二氧化硅高温软化问题,发展3D碳/二氧化硅复合材料是进一步研究的方向。
The latest research progress of carbon / silica composites is reviewed. Firstly, the preparation methods and properties of continuous carbon fiber and short cut carbon fiber reinforced silica matrix composites are briefly discussed. Secondly, the control of crystallization of silicon dioxide and the selection of additives are introduced emphatically. The excellent high and low temperature mechanical properties And in spacecraft applications, such as thermal ablation, absorbing. Finally, based on the analysis of the oxidation mechanism of carbon fiber inside the matrix, it is proposed to solve the problem of carbon fiber oxidation and high temperature softening of silica and to develop 3D carbon / silica composite material for further research.