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世界各地广泛用卡介苗(BCG)预防结核病已有半个多世纪。在发达国家中,由于结核病的发病率下降,有的国家除对有选择的高危人群外,已放弃了BCG的接种。有些作者认为,新生儿的接种能明显导致幼儿和青年白血病及肿瘤发生率的下降。所以,任何国家在放弃BCG接种之前,应充分考虑菌苗的各种可能的有益效果。1935年BCG首次作为免疫刺激剂用于癌症的治疗。1970年Davignon等第一次提出该菌苗能减少接种儿童随后发生白血病。在魁北克,该试验指出15岁或15岁以下的儿童接种卡介苗后其白血病的死亡率为未接种
It has been more than half a century since BCG was widely used in the prevention of tuberculosis in many parts of the world. In developed countries, BCG vaccination has been abandoned in some countries except for high-risk populations of choice because of the reduced incidence of tuberculosis. Some authors believe that vaccination of newborns can significantly lead to a decline in the incidence of leukemia and cancer in young children and adolescents. Therefore, any country should give due consideration to the various possible benefits of vaccine before giving up BCG vaccination. 1935 BCG for the first time as an immunostimulant for the treatment of cancer. Davignon and others first proposed in 1970 that the vaccine can reduce the incidence of leukemia in children after vaccination. In Quebec, the trial states that the mortality rate of leukemia after vaccination of children aged 15 or below with BCG was unvaccinated