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针对空间目标红外特性研究中，忽略多层隔热材料的影响或将其传热过程等效于绝热稳态过程的不足，考虑多层隔热材料中的实际传热方式，分别建立了卫星表面多层隔热材料中辐射换热、间隔层固体导热和残留气体导热的温度计算模型；根据模型计算分析了卫星表面多层隔热材料中不同传热方式对自身表面温度及3~6μm和6~16μm两个波段红外辐射特性的影响；结果显示多层隔热材料中不同传热方式对卫星长波红外辐射特性的影响大于中波红外辐射特性，文中对于提高空间目标红外辐射特性的计算精度具有参考价值。“,”As to the deficiency of ignoring multilayer heat insulation material or simply taking its heat transfer process equivalently as the thermal insulation steady state process in infrared characterization research of spatial targets, the factual heat transference ways of multilayer heat insulation material were considered and the temperature calculation models of multilayer heat insulation material’s radiation heat transfer, solid thermal conduction and residual gas thermal conduction were established. On the base of the models, the influence of different heat transference ways of multilayer heat insulation material on a satellite’s surface temperature and infrared feature in 3-6μm band and in 6-16μm band was calculated and analyzed. The calculation results show different heat transference ways of multilayer heat insulation material have more influence on the satellite’s infrared feature in 6-16μm band than in 3-6μm band. The research result has referential value for improving infrared feature calculation precision of spatial targets.