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建议根据我国的基本国情和水情,借鉴国际经验从确定生态系统的水需求、水权制度建设、提高公众对决策制定过程的参与效果,激发河流流域组织的作用,以及健全水资源监管体系等方面科学实施最严格水资源管理制度。一、水资源管理的国际经验与挑战1.确定生态系统的水需求国际经验:生态系统的水需求是指为了实现平衡生态系统提供的多种服务的特定目的而需要维持在生态系统中的水、或者需要向其注入的水。确定生态系统的水需求,就是对水资源在不同服务之间的分配做出明确的决策。首先,设定水资源的管理目标,即对生态系统提供的各项服务进行平衡与取舍,确定预
According to China’s basic national conditions and water conditions, it is suggested to draw lessons from international experience to determine the water demand and water rights system of the ecosystem, to enhance public participation in the decision-making process, to stimulate the role of river basin organizations and to improve the water resources regulatory system Scientific implementation of the most stringent water resources management system. I. International Experiences and Challenges in Water Resources Management 1. Determining Water Requirements for Ecosystems International Experience: Water Demand for Ecosystems is the water that needs to be maintained in ecosystems to achieve the specific purpose of balancing multiple services provided by ecosystems , Or water to inject into it. Determine the water needs of the ecosystem, is to make a clear decision on the distribution of water resources among different services. First, setting the management goal of water resources, that is, balancing and choosing the various services provided by ecosystems,