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[目的]了解2005~2014年北京市丰台区户籍居民恶性肿瘤的死亡特征及对全人群寿命的影响。[方法]应用死亡率、标化死亡率、构成比,潜在减寿年数(PYLL)、潜在减寿率(PYLLR)、标化潜在减寿率(SPYLLR)、平均减寿年数(AYLL)等指标对丰台区恶性肿瘤死亡特征及减寿情况进行分析。[结果]10年间恶性肿瘤年均死亡率为183.12/10万,标化死亡率为84.59/10万,占全死因构成的27.68%。男性死亡率是女性的1.46。2005~2014年恶性肿瘤粗死亡率从162.78/10万上升到208.98/10万。肺癌死亡率居恶性肿瘤首位,为58.01/10万。10年来排名前10的恶性肿瘤共损失潜在寿命188290.87年,人均损失12.01年。[结论]北京市丰台区2005~2014年恶性肿瘤死亡呈现上升趋势,男性恶性肿瘤死亡率明显高于女性,以食管癌差异最为明显,恶性肿瘤对寿命的影响中肺癌贡献最大,是影响丰台区居民健康的重点恶性肿瘤,另外白血病、乳腺癌对居民寿命影响较大,应重点关注。
[Objective] To understand the characteristics of death of malignant tumor and its effect on the life span of the entire population in Fengtai District of Beijing from 2005 to 2014. [Methods] The mortality, normalized mortality, constituent ratio, PYLL, PYLLR, SPYLLR, AYLL and other indicators To analyze the characteristics of death from malignant tumors in Fengtai District and their longevity. [Results] The average annual mortality rate of malignant tumors in 10 years was 183.12 / 100 000, the standardized mortality rate was 84.59 / 100 000, accounting for 27.68% of the total death causes. Male mortality was 1.46 for women. The crude death rate for malignant tumors rose from 162.78 / 100,000 to 208.98 / 100,000 in 2005-2014. The highest death rate of lung cancer among malignant tumors was 58.01 / 100000. In the past 10 years, the top 10 malignant tumors have a total potential loss of 188290.81 years and a per capita loss of 12.01 years. [Conclusion] The mortality of malignant tumors in Fengtai District of Beijing from 2005 to 2014 showed an upward trend. The mortality rate of malignant tumors in male patients was significantly higher than that of female patients. The most obvious difference was in esophageal cancer. The contribution of malignant tumors to life span was the largest, which affected the mortality of Fengtai District Residents health of key malignant tumors, while leukemia, breast cancer have a greater impact on the life of residents should focus.