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目的探讨综合干预措施对降低ICU患者医院感染效果,为寻找有效医院感染预防与控制措施提供理论依据。方法选取2011年2月-2013年9月入住ICU的1 985例患者作为研究对象,将2011年2月-2012年5月实施常规干预模式的1 105例患者作为对照组,将2012年6月-2013年9月实施综合干预模式的880例患者作为观察组,比较两组患者的医院感染率、不同临床特征医院感染率。结果观察组医院感染发生率为4.20%,低于对照组的8.05%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组手术部位、导管相关性血流感染、呼吸道感染率分别为0.45%、0.57%、0.68%,低于对照组的1.36%、1.54%、1.72%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组手术、留置导管、≥60岁的患者医院感染率分别为3.18%、3.52%、1.70%,均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者呼吸机使用、中心静脉置管、导尿管置管、平均住院时间均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论综合干预措施降低了ICU患者医院感染率,改善了患者免疫功能和血清学指标,缩短了患者恢复时间。
Objective To explore the effect of comprehensive interventions on reducing nosocomial infections in ICU patients and provide theoretical basis for the prevention and control of nosocomial infections. Methods A total of 1 985 patients admitted to the ICU between February 2011 and September 2013 were selected as the study subjects. A total of 1 105 patients who underwent conventional intervention mode from February 2011 to May 2012 were selected as control group. - In September 2013, a total of 880 patients undergoing a comprehensive intervention model were included in the observation group. The prevalence of nosocomial infections and the prevalence of nosocomial infections were compared between the two groups. Results The incidence of nosocomial infection in observation group was 4.20%, which was lower than 8.05% in control group (P <0.05). The surgical site, catheter-related bloodstream infection and respiratory infection rate in observation group were 0.45% 0.57%, 0.68%, lower than the control group 1.36%, 1.54%, 1.72%, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); hospital observation group surgery, indwelling catheter, ≥60 years of patients hospital infection rates were 3.18 %, 3.52% and 1.70%, respectively, were lower than those in the control group (P <0.05). The use of ventilator, central venous catheter and catheterization in the observation group were lower than those in the control group Group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The comprehensive intervention reduces the hospital infection rate in patients with ICU, improves the immune function and serological indexes of patients, and shortens the recovery time of patients.