试图从竞技运动表现的整体属性和系统功能出发,运用文献资料法、专家访谈法,阐释竞技运动专项的核心及其训练理念。结论:竞技运动专项的核心应是主导和决定竞技水平的专项核心能力;基于项群理论分析各亚类项群的专项核心能力;以田径项目为例,论述分析专项核心能力的方法,指出短跑是以专项素质、神经反应和动作的经济性为核心,竞走和中长跑是以专项素质、技术经济性和心肺系统能力为核心,跳跃项目以专项素质、技术协调和适时爆发能力为核心,投掷项目以运动链的优化整合与蓄势爆发能力为核心;提出从竞技需要出发,密切结合专项特征,紧抓专项运动链的系统功能区域,优化选择训练方法和手段,合理安排训练负荷,将专项素质能力与专项技术、神经系统、心智调控综合发展的训练理念,以期能为竞技训练提供参考。 This article attempts to explain the core of athletic sports and its training concept by using the methods of documentation and expert interviews, starting from the overall attributes and system functions of athletic performance. Conclusion: The core of competitive sports should be the core competence that dominates and decides the competitive level. Based on the theory of group theory, it analyzes the special core competencies of each sub-group. Taking the track and field project as an example, it discusses the methods of analyzing the special core competencies, Is based on the special quality, neural response and the economy of movement as the core, walking and middle distance race is a special quality, technical economy and cardiopulmonary system capacity as the core, jumping project with special quality, technical coordination and timely outbreak ability as the core, throwing The project focuses on the optimization and integration of the sports chain and the ability to burst out. Based on the competitive needs, the paper proposes that the system function areas of the special sports chain should be closely integrated with the special features, optimize the training methods and means, and arrange the training load appropriately. Quality and ability of special technology, nervous system, mental regulation comprehensive development of training concept, with a view to provide a reference for competitive training.