现代建构主义认为,学生学习知识的过程是一个主动建构的过程,教师是教学过程的组织者、指导者,同时又是学生对知识意义建构的帮助者、促进者。可见,学生自主构建认知结构的过程,就是要让学生自主地认识,自主地将教材中的数学知识结构转化为自己头脑中的数学知识结构的过程。因此,在数学教学中教师要尽可能地给学生提供自主探究的机会,培养他们积极参与、自主学习的能力。一、营造和谐氛围,促进学生自主学习心理学家说过:儿童心理是在外界环境的影响下发展起来的,培养学生自主学习的能力,必须为学生创设 Modern constructivism holds that the process of students’ learning is a process of active construction. Teachers are the organizers and guides of the teaching process, at the same time they are the helpers and facilitators of the students in constructing the meaning of knowledge. It can be seen that the process of constructing the cognitive structure by students independently is to enable students to autonomously understand and autonomously transform the mathematical knowledge structure in the textbook into the mathematical knowledge structure in their own mind. Therefore, in mathematics teaching, teachers should give students the opportunity to explore themselves as far as possible and cultivate their ability to participate actively and learn independently. First, to create a harmonious atmosphere to promote independent learning Psychologists have said that: children’s psychology is developed under the influence of the external environment, to develop students’ ability to learn independently, we must create for students