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挽近期以来,伴随青藏高原的强烈隆升,中国西南地区河谷经历强烈、快速下切,形成西南地区所特有的高山峡谷地貌,在此过程中,河谷岸坡分别遭受垂向剥蚀与侧向卸荷作用,出现一系列浅表生结构面,将岸坡浅表部岩体切割成大小不等块体,在后期时效变形过程中以崩塌、滑坡形式失稳破坏。本文以崩塌体发育部位、堆积物岩性、块度大小、风化特征等研究为基础,结合岸坡河谷演化、构造演化历史分析,追溯形成崩塌的地形地貌、地层岩性、风化卸荷、岩体结构等河谷岸坡特征。通过上述分析,总结归纳产生崩塌的主控因素是地形地貌、岩性与岩体结构,在地形地貌适合、浅表生作用强烈的区域,岸坡岩体变形破坏也较强烈,崩塌堆积物也较发育。
In recent years, along with the strong uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the valleys in southwest China experienced intense and rapid undercutting to form the alpine gorge landforms that are characteristic of the southwest region. During this process, the river bank slopes were subjected to vertical erosion and lateral unloading A series of shallow superficial structure surface appeared, and the rock mass of shallow surface part of bank slope was cut into blocks of different sizes. During the later period of aging deformation, the rock mass collapsed and the landslide was destabilized. Based on the study of the parts of the collapsed body, the lithology of the sediments, the size of the blocks, and the weathering characteristics, the paper analyzes the evolution of the bank of the slope and the historical evolution of tectonic evolution, tracing the topography and geomorphology of the collapsed rocks, stratigraphic lithology, weathered unloading, Body structure such as valley slope characteristics. Through the above analysis, it is concluded that the main controlling factors of collapse are topography, lithology and rock mass structure. In areas where topography and geomorphology are suitable and superficial effects are strong, deformation and destruction of bank rocks are also strong, More developed.