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发展高温抗钙钻井液技术的关键在于研制抗高温抗钙处理剂,尤其是高温高钙条件下性能稳定的降滤失剂。对国内外30多年来抗高温抗钙水溶性聚合物钻井液降滤失剂产品研发及机理研究进行了综述,指出分子结构设计是制备高性能钻井液降滤失剂的关键,钻井液中聚合物分子链上的水化基团对钙离子的敏感性以及聚合物分子与黏土颗粒的相互作用是高温条件下钙离子对聚合物降滤失剂性能的影响因素。今后要进一步明确开发目的,加强高温高钙条件下基础理论研究,重视新单体的设计开发和工业化生产,进行聚合物分子多层多级结构设计,研发超支化分子结构或树枝状结构的聚合物,重视天然材料的利用,通过高分子化学反应,如接枝共聚等方法,将天然材料转化为价廉的高性能绿色处理剂,研发兼顾护胶、封堵、改善流型、降滤失等能力的水溶性聚合物,以推动钻井液技术进步。
Development of high temperature anti-calcium drilling fluid technology lies in the development of anti-high temperature anti-calcium treatment agent, especially under the conditions of high temperature and high calcium fluid loss control agent. The development and mechanism of high temperature resistant calcium water-soluble polymer fluid loss control fluid products for more than 30 years at home and abroad are reviewed. It is pointed out that molecular structure design is the key to prepare high performance fluid loss control fluid. The sensitivity of hydration groups to calcium ions on the molecular chain and the interaction between polymer molecules and clay particles are the influencing factors of calcium ion on the performance of polymer fluid loss additive under high temperature conditions. In the future, we should further clarify the purpose of development, strengthen the basic theoretical research under the conditions of high temperature and high calcium, pay attention to the design and development of new monomers and industrialized production, design multi-layer multi-level structure of polymer molecules, and develop the hyperbranched molecular structure or dendritic structure polymerization Materials, emphasis on the use of natural materials, through polymer chemical reactions, such as graft copolymerization, the natural materials into cheap high-performance green treatment agent, research and development of both plastic, plugging, to improve the flow pattern, fluid loss The ability of water-soluble polymers to promote drilling fluid technology.