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以盆栽高羊茅为试验材料,研究了土壤中添加不同浓度(3、6、9、12和15 mmol·kg~(-1))生物可降解螯合剂谷氨酸二乙酸四钠(Glutamic acid N,N-diacetic acid tetra sodium salt,GLDA)和亚氨基二琥珀酸四钠盐(Iminodisuccinic acid sodium salt,IDS)处理对种子萌发和幼苗发育及生理的影响。结果表明,GLDA和IDS处理对高羊茅种子萌发有一定的抑制作用,并且高浓度的抑制作用更强。对高羊茅地上生物量的影响表现为低浓度促进,高浓度抑制,6 mmol·kg~(-1)处理生物量达到最大;而所有螯合剂处理均显著抑制了根系的生长。与对照相比,低浓度的螯合剂(3、6和9 mmol·kg~(-1))对叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量没有显著影响,但高浓度处理显著降低了其含量。螯合剂对SOD和CAT活性的影响呈现先增加后降低的趋势,而POD活性和MDA含量则随螯合剂浓度的增加而升高,表明添加螯合剂对高羊茅构成了逆境胁迫。鉴于此,在两种螯合剂应用于土壤重金属修复时,以低浓度(6 mmol·kg~(-1))施加为宜,并且可以考虑在植物收获前几天施加或分次加入。
Taking potted Tall Fescue as test material, the effects of adding different concentrations (3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 mmol · kg -1) of biodegradable chelator Glutamic acid N, N-diacetic acid tetra sodium salt (GLDA) and Iminodisuccinic acid sodium salt (IDS) on seed germination and seedling development and physiology. The results showed that GLDA and IDS treatment inhibited the seed germination of tall fescue, and the inhibitory effect was stronger at high concentration. The effects on the biomass of tall fescue were promoted by low concentration, inhibited by high concentration, and reached the maximum at 6 mmol · kg -1. All chelating agents significantly inhibited the growth of roots. Low concentrations of chelators (3, 6, and 9 mmol · kg -1) had no significant effect on chlorophyll and carotenoid content compared to controls, but high concentrations significantly reduced their contents. The effect of chelating agent on the activity of SOD and CAT increased at first and then decreased, while the activity of POD and the content of MDA increased with the increase of chelating agent concentration, indicating that the addition of chelating agent posed the stress to tall fescue. In view of this, it is advisable to apply two kinds of chelating agents at low concentration (6 mmol · kg -1) when applied to heavy metal remediation of soil, and it may be considered to add them or fractionally add plants several days before harvest.