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目的 观察外周疼痛刺激后 ,中枢神经系统小胶质细胞形态和功能特征的变化。方法 采用福尔马林疼痛动物模型 ,刺激后 2、4、8h,1、3 d,1、2及 4周后处死 ,制成腰脊髓和脑干切片。小胶质细胞特异表达补体 C3受体(单克隆抗体 OX-4 2 ) ,活化型小胶质细胞表达 类主要组织相容性复合物 Ia(单克隆抗体 OX-6)。定性和定量的免疫组化方法显示中枢小胶质细胞及疼痛刺激下形态的转化。结果 福尔马林刺激侧腰脊髓后角和脑干薄束核内小胶质细胞的增殖活化 ,注射后 1 d开始出现 ,3 d后明显 ,1周达到高峰 ,2周后增殖活化反应开始消退。本研究增殖活化的小胶质细胞表现为激活型 ,而非活化型或吞噬型。结论 福尔马林注射引起的疼痛刺激或外周炎症反应可能诱发中枢小胶质细胞增殖活化。小胶质细胞的增殖活化可能是慢性疼痛长期持续的原因之一
Objective To observe the morphological and functional changes of microglia in the central nervous system after peripheral pain stimulation. Methods The animal model of formalin pain was established and sacrificed at 2, 4, 8h, 1,3 d, 1, 2 and 4 weeks after stimulation to make lumbar spinal cord and brain stem slices. Microglia specifically express the complement C3 receptor (monoclonal antibody OX-42) and activated microglia express the major histocompatibility complex Ia (monoclonal antibody OX-6). Qualitative and quantitative immunohistochemical methods revealed the morphological transformation of central microglia and painful stimuli. Results Formalin stimulated the proliferation and activation of microglia in the dorsal horn of lateral lumbar spinal cord and the brainstem thin bundle nucleus. The neurons began to appear on the first day after injection, and reached the peak at the third day and reached the peak at the first week. After two weeks, the proliferative activation started Faded The microglial cells that proliferate and activate in this study appear to be activated, but not activated or phagocytic. Conclusion The pain stimulation induced by formalin injection or peripheral inflammatory reaction may induce central microglial proliferation and activation. Proliferation of microglia activation may be one of the reasons long-term persistent chronic pain