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本文简述了人造血液代用品的理论和历史,评价了临床应用的现代血液代用品,介绍了完全代血的血液代用品的研究进展情况。举例说明了,失血时在体内红血球还足够维持呼吸时,由于血液总量减少,血压降低而使对生命的重要器官的血供应减少导致死亡。机体拥有两个保护机制,一是神经调节机制,它伴随血管的衰竭来提高其紧张度。该机制只在动脉压不低于50毫米水银柱时才能迅速起作用。二是体液调节机制,当循环血量降低时,液体由组织进了血管。促进血量
This article outlines the theory and history of artificial blood substitutes, evaluates modern blood substitutes for clinical use, and presents the progress of research on blood substitutes for complete blood substitutes. By way of example, when red blood cells are still sufficiently maintained in the body during resuscitation, the blood supply to vital organs of life decreases due to a decrease in blood volume and blood pressure, leading to death. The body has two protective mechanisms, one is the neuromodulation mechanism, which accompanies vascular failure to increase its stress. This mechanism works quickly only when arterial pressure is at or below 50 mmHg. Second, body fluid regulation mechanism, when the blood volume decreased, the liquid into the blood vessels from the organization. Promote blood volume