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目的:研制骨内型牙槽骨牵张器,并在动物实验中检验其效果。方法:实验动物为成年杂种犬6只,实验材料为自行设计,纯钛制成的骨内型垂直向牙槽骨牵张器,直径3.75 mm,长5 mm。螺纹状钛种植体,直径3.75 mm,长度10 mm。先拔除犬的双侧下颌前磨牙,形成牙槽嵴萎缩模型。3月后随机选择一侧行骨切开术,植入两个牵张器。1周后开始牵张;2月后拆除牵张器,植入两枚螺纹钛种植体。3月后处死动物,取带种植体标本进行临床检查、放射学检查和扫描电镜检查。结果:骨内型垂直牙槽骨牵张器组织相容性良好,未发现有免疫排斥反应。牙槽骨高度平均增加(4.80±0.50)mm。植入后3月检查发现种植体和周围组织愈合良好,并与周围骨组织形成骨结合。结论:自行研制的骨内型牙槽骨牵张器取得良好的实验效果,为该器材的国产化和推广牙槽骨牵张成骨技术打下基础。
OBJECTIVE: To develop a bone-type alveolar distractor and test its effect in animal experiments. METHODS: Six adult experimental dogs were used as experimental animals. The experimental materials were designed and manufactured by ourselves. The diameter of the bone was 3.75 mm and the length was 5 mm. Thread titanium implant, diameter 3.75 mm, length 10 mm. First removal of bilateral canine mandibular premolars, the formation of alveolar ridge atrophy model. Three months after the random selection of one side of the line osteotomy, implantation of two distractor. One week after the start of distraction; February after the distraction device removed, implanted two thread titanium implant. After 3 months, the animals were sacrificed, and the samples of the implants were taken for clinical examination, radiological examination and scanning electron microscope examination. Results: The histocompatibility of vertical alveolar bone distractor was good and no immune rejection was found. Alveolar bone height increased by an average of (4.80 ± 0.50) mm. Three months after implantation, the implant and the surrounding tissue were found to heal well and form osseous bonds with the surrounding bone tissue. CONCLUSION: The self-developed intraosseous alveolar bone distractor achieved good experimental results, laying a foundation for the localization of the device and promotion of alveolar bone distraction osteogenesis.