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大多数的越南初级和中级学生因为在非汉语的环境下学汉语,所以汉语基础较差、底子薄,又没有适当的学习方法,学习汉语的习惯不佳,汉语听力能力很弱,写作也不强,阅读很辛苦的同时又不能形成良好的汉语语感,导致汉语口语不流利、不地道等问题。在这样的背景下,“背诵”是在非汉语环境下学生学习汉语最好的方法之一。前些年,随着教育的革新,“背诵”这个最古老的学习方法由于其弊端而慢慢被越来越多的老师忘记。而在最近几年的研究中,尤其是在非母语环境下的外语学习中,背诵这一古老的教学方法,重新回到了人们的视野,并且受到越来越多的研究者的关注。最传统的教学法变成当今在非母语环境下外语教学最有效的教学法。汉语作为外语的学习亦是如此,必须依靠最好的学习方法才能取得事半功倍的效果。本研究把“背诵”这一传统教学法作为非汉语母语环境下最主要的汉语教学法应用于实际课堂教学当中,以提高越南初中级学生的汉语水平。本文将对非汉语环境下教师如何运用背诵来教授汉语和学生应该运用哪些有效的背诵学习法提高自己的汉语水平进行阐述。
Most Vietnamese primary and secondary students learn Chinese in a non-Chinese environment, so they have a poor Chinese foundation, a weak foundation and no proper method of learning. Their habits in learning Chinese are poor. Their listening comprehension is weak and their writing is not Strong, very hard to read at the same time can not form a good sense of Chinese language, leading to not fluent spoken Chinese, not authentic and other issues. In this context, “recitation” is one of the best ways for students to learn Chinese in a non-Chinese context. A few years ago, with the reform of education, the oldest learning method of “recitation” was gradually forgotten by more and more teachers because of its disadvantages. In recent years, especially in foreign language learning in non-native languages, reciting this ancient teaching method has returned to people’s perspective and attracted more and more researchers’ attention. The most traditional pedagogy becomes the most effective pedagogy in foreign language teaching today in non-native languages. The same is true of learning Chinese as a foreign language, and you must rely on the best learning methods to achieve a multiplier effect. In this study, the traditional teaching method of “recitation” is applied to the actual classroom teaching as the most important Chinese teaching method in the non-native Chinese context so as to improve the Chinese proficiency of junior middle school students in Vietnam. This essay will explain how teachers use Chinese recitation to teach Chinese in non-Chinese contexts and what effective recitation methods should be used to improve their Chinese proficiency.