《儒林外史》的研究对于《儒林外史》讽刺动力的形成原因研究的不多。本文认为《儒林外史》讽刺源动力主要来自于三个方面,一是作者科举不济后在逆境中跋涉的人生经历,二是作者镜中取影无臧否的创作态度,三是功名科举萦士心的社会倾向。在简要溯源写实讽刺基础上,总结出《儒林外史》讽刺写实性在于讽刺对象写实、讽刺描写真实、人物性格实在、讽刺样式充实。 The research of “Scholars” has not been much studied on the causes of the satirical motivation of “Scholars”. This paper argues that the source of the irony of “Scholars” mainly comes from three aspects: one is the life experiences of adversities after the author failed the imperial examination; the other is the author’s attitude of taking pictures in the mirror; Social tendency of heart. On the basis of brief and realistic satire, it is concluded that the satirical realism of “Scholars” lies in the factuality of satirical objects, the satirical depictions of reality, the character ’s character and the satirical style.