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以伊犁地区10个新疆野苹果天然群体为研究对象,对其天然群体叶形遗传多样性进行了分析。结果表明:新疆野苹果群体叶形性状在群体间和群体内都存在丰富的变异。新疆野苹果叶片长/叶宽(L1/A1)的变异系数为11.99%,在所有的性状中最稳定。所有性状平均变异系数最大的为XY1群体(17.18%),最小的为XY2群体(14.09%)。群体内个体间的广义重复力平均值为0.8877;群体间广义重复力平均值为0.7536,叶片长/叶柄长(L1/L2)、叶柄长(L2)的群体间广义重复力较小,分别为0.3022和0.5800,说明这2个性状在群体间的表现不稳定,易受环境的影响。10个群体根据叶形指标聚类分为4类,聚类结果和地域相吻合,说明叶形受环境影响较大。主成分分析表明,贡献率较高的前3个性状分别为叶尖角α、叶基角γ、叶长L1,说明这几个性状参数在新疆野苹果的表型分类中起到重要作用,可以作为野苹果表型分析的重要指标。
In this paper, 10 native wild apple cultivars in Xinjiang were studied in this study, and their leaf population genetic diversity was analyzed. The results showed that there were abundant variations in the leaf shape traits of Xinjiang wild apple among populations and populations. The variation coefficient of leaf length / leaf width (L1 / A1) of Xinjiang wild apple was 11.99%, which was the most stable among all traits. The average coefficient of variation of all traits was XY1 (17.18%), and the smallest was XY2 (14.09%). The average value of the generalized repeatability of individuals in the population is 0.8877. The average of the generalized repeatability force of population is 0.7536, and the generalized repeatability force is smaller between groups of leaf length / petiole length (L1 / L2) and petiole length (L2) 0.3022 and 0.5800, indicating that the two traits in the inter-group performance is unstable and vulnerable to the environment. According to the leaf index clustering, 10 groups were divided into 4 groups. The clustering results were consistent with the geographical area, indicating that the leaf shape was greatly affected by the environment. The principal component analysis showed that the first three traits with higher contribution rate were leaf angle α, leaf base angle γ and leaf length L1, respectively. This indicated that these traits played an important role in the phenotypic classification of wild apple, Can be used as an important indicator of wild apple phenotype analysis.