粉末样品中低含量铁的赋存状态的鉴定,是一般常规矿物鉴定手段(如X射线衍射法、红外光谱法及差热分析法等)较感困难的事情。借助于铁的穆斯堡尔效应却可得到较好的结果。本工作是在硅石矿和高岭土二种矿物的粉末样品中进行了低含量铁的赋存状态的研究。 硅石矿石英裂隙中的铁含量低,而且还难以从石英中分离出待测的铁矿物;因石英谱线的干扰,X光衍射法不能进行分析。红外光谱和差热分析法也同样无能为力。我们使用了穆斯堡尔效应,鉴定出了该矿中铁的存在状态是褐铁矿和少量的赤铁矿。为合理评价和使用该矿资源提供了有用信息。 高岭土中铁量很低,尤其是在高岭土选矿最终产品中,不但铁量低,而且粒度很细,常规手段也无法进行铁的赋存状态的鉴定。我们使用了穆斯堡尔效应,成功地鉴定出了含量低达TFe 0.5Wt%的铁的赋存状态。另外,又发现在粉末高岭土样品中的水针铁矿相与硅酸盐相的鉴别,光凭穆斯堡尔参数是不够的,应辅助以简单的化学处理手段。经由这一辅助措施后,圆满而准确地在粉末高岭土样品中区别出了含铁量达TFe 0.5Wt％的水针铁矿相和硅酸铁相。本工作还在穆斯堡尔效应对高岭土中低量氧化铁矿物的辨别能力方面进行了实验。 Identification of low iron content in powder samples is more difficult than the conventional mineral identification methods (such as X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and differential thermal analysis). Better results can be obtained with the aid of the Mossbauer effect of iron. This work is in the silica ore and kaolin two kinds of mineral powder samples carried out a low content of iron occurrence state research. The iron content in silica ores is low and it is difficult to separate the iron minerals to be measured from quartz. X-ray diffraction method can not be analyzed due to the interference of quartz spectra. Infrared spectroscopy and differential thermal analysis are equally helpless. We used the Mössbauer effect and identified the presence of iron in the mine as limonite and a small amount of hematite. Provide useful information for the reasonable evaluation and use of the mine resources. The amount of iron in kaolin is very low, especially in the final product of kaolin beneficiation, not only the iron content is low, but also the grain size is very fine, and the conventional method can not identify the state of occurrence of iron. We used the Mössbauer effect and succeeded in identifying the presence of iron at levels as low as 0.5Wt% TFe. In addition, it was found that the identification of gypsumite and silicate phases in powdered kaolin samples was not sufficient due to the Mössbauer parameters alone, and should be facilitated by simple chemical treatment. With the aid of this measure, the heptahydrate and ferric silicate phases with a TFe of 0.5Wt% were successfully and accurately distinguished from the powdered kaolin samples. This work has also been conducted in the Mossbauer effect on the identification of low-grade iron oxide minerals in kaolin.