着丝粒是细胞有丝分裂和减数分裂过程中重要的结构、功能元件。有功能的着丝粒包括着丝粒DNA和蛋白两个重要成份。研究发现着丝粒蛋白对着丝粒的形成、活性极其重要 ,影响着染色体的稳定存在和正常分离。本综述主要围绕几种人类着丝粒蛋白的性质、分布、功能及与染色体分离关系等展开。 Centromeres are important structural and functional elements in mitosis and meiosis. Functional centromeres include both centromere DNA and protein. The study found that centromere formation of centromere, the activity is extremely important, affecting the stable presence of chromosomes and normal separation. This review focused on the nature, distribution, function and segregation of several human centromere proteins.