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目的了解上海市宝山区存在职业病危害因素的企业职业卫生现状,为开展职业病防治工作提供依据。方法采用统一的调查表对宝山区2009年12月31日存在的1 050家有职业病危害因素的企业进行普查,并对结果进行统计分析。结果宝山区企业以中小型为主,接触危害因素的职工占职工总数的22.9%,涉及多种职业病危害因素,企业检测覆盖率为31.1%,企业上岗前、在岗及离岗工人职业健康检查率分别为38.0%、54.2%和17.6%,企业职业病防治管理各项责任义务履行率均不超过50%,40.6%的企业设有职业卫生防护设施。结论区内企业检测与职业健康监护覆盖率低,职业病防治培训工作不到位,小型企业是职业病防治工作的新重点。应进行宣传培训,提高认识,加强指导监督,引进职业卫生服务机构协助工作。
Objective To understand the status quo of occupational health in enterprises in Baoshan District, Shanghai, and to provide basis for the prevention and control of occupational diseases. Methods A unified questionnaire was used to conduct a survey of 1 050 enterprises with occupational hazards in Baoshan District on December 31, 2009, and the results were statistically analyzed. Results The enterprises in Baoshan District were mainly small and medium-sized with 22.9% of the total number of employees exposed to hazardous factors, involving a variety of occupational hazards, the detection coverage rate of enterprises was 31.1%, the occupational health check rates of on- Accounting for 38.0%, 54.2% and 17.6% respectively. The fulfillment rate of all liability and liability for occupational disease prevention and control should not exceed 50%, and 40.6% of the enterprises have occupational health protection facilities. Conclusion The coverage rate of enterprise testing and occupational health monitoring in the area is low, and the training of prevention and treatment of occupational diseases is not in place. Small enterprises are the new focus of occupational disease prevention and control work. Publicity and training should be conducted to raise awareness, strengthen supervision and guidance, and introduce occupational health service agencies to assist in their work.