成人尿石症病人中,50%的未治疗和25%的治疗病人,10年内将有结石复发。因此,结石复发的后果对儿童特别重要。作者在27年间对270例儿童尿石症的复发病儿进行了系统地评价。其中男性182例,女性88例。年龄4个月～16岁。有257例进行了随访评价,平均随访间隔为4.2年(范围为1个月～19年)。根据病因分为感染性(161例)、解剖异常(26例)、代谢性(10例)、特发性(73例)结石4种。227例结石成分作了化学分析。189例病儿做了血和尿电解质、尿酸等测定。所有病儿均做尿培养,每 ml 标本微生物>10~5者确诊为感染性结石。感染性结石病人院内用抗生素治疗后,并平均预防用抗生素2年。结果 270例结石病儿有42例复发,占结石病儿的16%(肾结石34例、输尿管结石5例、膀胱结石3例)感染性结石病儿平均随访4年(4个月～13年),共22例结石病复发,复发率为14%,占总结石病人复发的52%。其中20例肾结石,2例膀胱结石。21例尿 Among adults with urolithiasis, 50% of untreated and 25% of treated patients will have a relapse of stones within 10 years. Therefore, the consequences of the recurrence of stones are particularly important for children. The authors systematically evaluated 270 children with recurrent urolithiasis over a 27-year period. There were 182 males and 88 females. Age 4 months to 16 years old. A total of 257 patients were followed up, with an average follow-up interval of 4.2 years (range, 1 month to 19 years). According to the cause, it was divided into infectious (161 cases), anatomical abnormalities (26 cases), metabolic (10 cases) and idiopathic (73 cases) stones. 227 cases of stone composition for chemical analysis. 189 cases of children with blood and urine electrolytes, uric acid and other determination. Urine culture of all sick children, each ml of microbial specimens> 10 to 5 were diagnosed as infectious stones. Infectious stone patients hospital antibiotic treatment, and the average prophylactic antibiotics for 2 years. Results A total of 270 cases of recurrent stones were recurred in 42 cases, accounting for 16% (34 cases of kidney stones, 5 cases of ureteral stones and 3 cases of bladder stones) with an average follow-up of 4 years (4 months to 13 years) ), A total of 22 cases of stone disease recurrence, the recurrence rate was 14%, accounting for 52% of patients with recurrent stones. 20 cases of kidney stones, 2 cases of bladder stones. 21 cases of urine