在西方列强侵略不断加深,国内阶级矛盾不断激化的形势下,清朝统治阶级中逐渐形成了洋务派。从19世纪60年代开始,洋务派掀起了长达30多年的洋务运动。它是中国从闭关自守走向改革开放的开端,促进了中国社会生产力的发展,是世界资本主义潮流在中国的体现,是中国发展资本主义的第 Under the circumstance of deepening invaders by the Western powers and increasing intensification of internal class contradictions, the Westernization School gradually formed in the Qing ruling class. Starting from the 1860s, the Westernization Movement set off more than 30 years of Westernization Movement. It is the beginning of China’s reform from the retreat to the reform and opening up and the promotion of the development of social productive forces in China. It is the embodiment of the capitalist trend in the world in China and is also the first step in China’s development of capitalism