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利用中国4次森林资源清查资料以及中国森林生态系统定位观测研究站(CFERN)的实测数据,估算了中国1977-2003年4个时期杉木林生态系统的碳储量,分析了其年龄结构特征、垂直分配结构特征、时空动态格局和贮碳潜力。总碳储量研究结果1977-1981为1.09 Gt,1984-1988为1.496 Gt,1994-1998为2.446Gt,1999-2003为2.866 Gt。江西、湖南、浙江、福建、云南、广西和广东7省的杉木林碳储量约占84%~86%。幼、中龄杉木林碳储量在79%~83.90%之间,随着杉木林的演替成熟,我国杉木林生态系统是一个潜在的碳库。在垂直分布上,乔木层碳储量占9.38%~10.63%,林下植被占0.6%~0.7%,土壤占87.99%~89.02%,枯落物占0.68%~0.78%,不同时期杉木林生态系统碳储量的垂直分配结构基本相似。1999-2003期间中国杉木林生态系统碳素现存量为2.866 Gt,一个龄级期(10 a)后碳储量将达到3.772 Gt,并以90.63 M.ta-1的平均积累速率递增,是一个贮存潜力大,增长速率快的碳库。
The carbon stocks of Chinese fir forest ecosystem in four periods from 1977 to 2003 were estimated based on the data from four forest inventory surveys in China and the CFERN data from China National Forest Ecosystem Research Station (CFERN). The characteristics of age structure, vertical Distribution structure characteristics, spatial and temporal dynamics and carbon storage potential. The results of the total carbon stocks study are 1.196 Gt for 1977-1981, 1.496 Gt for 1984-1988, 2.446 Gt for 1994-1998 and 2.866 Gt for 1999-2003. The carbon stocks of Chinese fir forests in Jiangxi, Hunan, Zhejiang, Fujian, Yunnan, Guangxi and Guangdong provinces accounted for about 84% ~ 86%. The carbon stocks of young and middle-aged Chinese fir forests range from 79% to 83.90%. With the succession of Chinese fir plantations, the Chinese fir plantation ecosystem is a potential carbon sink. In the vertical distribution, the carbon storage of the arbor layer accounted for 9.38% -10.63%, the submarine vegetation accounted for 0.6% ~ 0.7%, the soil 87.99% ~ 89.02% and the litter 0.68% ~ 0.78% The vertical distribution of carbon stocks is basically similar. The carbon stock of Chinese fir plantation ecosystem was 2.866 Gt from 1999 to 2003, and the carbon storage will reach 3.772 Gt after one year (10 a), and it is a stockpile with the average accumulation rate of 90.63 M.ta-1 Potential, rapid growth of carbon stocks.