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目的 :建立较理想的骨质疏松性骨折实验模型。方法 :SD大鼠 6 0只 ,8月龄 ,雌性 ,手术方法 :切除双侧卵巢 ;术后 3个月 ,手术造成股骨中段骨折 ,进行骨圆针髓腔内固定。模型建立前后行双能X线骨密度仪 (DEXA)、组织学、放射学等动态观察。结果 :卵巢切除 3个月后DEXA检测结果与术前比较 :全身骨密度明显降低 (P <0 .0 2 ) ;子宫内膜组织萎缩变薄 ,内膜内腺体消失或萎缩、变性呈空泡状 ;软骨内成骨与膜内成骨共同参与了骨质疏松性骨折的修复 ,且以软骨内成骨为主。与一般骨折愈合方式相似 ,模型动物骨折愈合过程中 ,软骨内成骨延缓 ,骨性骨痂改建 (骨吸收 >骨形成 )加速 ,骨痂内胶原纤维疏松、排列紊乱 ,与主应力方向不一致。放射学观察模型动物骨折位置、类型统一 ,内固定后骨折断端稳定。结论 :本实验建立的骨质疏松性骨折动物模型其方法可靠 ,易于复制 ,可应用于骨质疏松性骨折的相关研究。
Objective: To establish a more ideal experimental model of osteoporotic fracture. Methods: Sixty SD rats, 8 months old and female, were surgically treated. The bilateral ovaries were excised. Three months after operation, the femur was fractured in the middle of the femur for bone screw fixation. The models were established before and after dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), histology, radiology and other dynamic observation. Results: After 3 months of ovariectomy, the result of DEXA was significantly lower than that before operation (P <0. 02); the atrophy of the endometrium became thinner and the endometrial glands disappeared or atrophied; Vesicular; endochondral ossification and endometrial osteofiltration are involved in the repair of osteoporotic fractures, and the main osteogenic cartilage. Similar to the way of general fracture healing, during the process of fracture healing in model animals, the cartilage endoblasts were delayed, the osseous callus reconstruction (bone resorption> bone formation) was accelerated, the collagen fibers in the callus were loose and disordered, which was inconsistent with the principal stress direction. Radiological observation model animal fracture location, type of unity, fracture fixation after fracture stability. Conclusion: The animal model of osteoporotic fracture established in this study is reliable and easy to reproduce. It can be applied in the study of osteoporotic fracture.