论文部分内容阅读
目的:建立托幼机构儿童心理行为问题综合预防及干预模式,评估其可行性及有效性。方法:采用随机整群分层抽样的原则,分别抽取佛山市4个幼儿园2~3岁组儿童349人为干预组及儿童年龄、性别、家庭环境构成基本相同的316人为对照组。通过对家长和教师进行心理知识的普及、常见心理行为问题的识别及处理、气质养育指导,将混龄训练、感觉统合训练、行为问题矫正融入幼儿常规教育课程中,对有行为问题儿童转入医院进行心理咨询和家庭治疗等措施,进行为期3年的预防———干预———矫治,将体格发育与心理保健纳入工作常规,完善儿童保健管理。结果:干预后的儿童心理行为问题检出率与对照组比较有明显下降,智力和社会适应能力有显著提高。结论:家长、教师、儿童保健工作者共同努力多方位、多角度综合干预措施对预防和治疗儿童心理行为问题有显著效果,该模式切实可行,可推广应用。
Objective: To establish a comprehensive prevention and intervention model of psychological and behavioral problems in children and kindergartens and evaluate their feasibility and effectiveness. Methods: Random stratified stratified sampling was adopted. Four hundred and seventy-four children aged 4 to 4 years in Foshan were randomly divided into intervention group and 316 age-matched control group. Through the popularization of psychological knowledge for parents and teachers, common psychological behavior problems identification and handling, temperament and nourishing guidance, mixed age training, sensory integration training, behavioral problems correction into children’s regular education curriculum, children with behavioral problems into Hospital counseling and family counseling and other measures, for a period of 3 years of prevention --- intervention --- correction, the physical development and mental health into the work of routine, improve child health management. Results: The detection rate of children’s psychological behavior problems after intervention decreased significantly compared with that of the control group, and their mental and social adaptability were significantly improved. Conclusion: Parents, teachers and child health workers working together to make multi-directional and multi-angle comprehensive interventions have a significant effect on the prevention and treatment of children’s psychological behavior problems. This model is practical and can be popularized and applied.