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在吉林省黑土区3种不同肥力土壤上研究平衡施肥效果。结果表明,平衡施肥对玉米具有较好的增产增收效果,其增产顺序为低肥力黑土>中肥力黑土>高肥力黑土。高肥力黑土施肥适宜用量分别为N145kg/hm2、P2O546kg/hm2、K2O90kg/hm2;中肥力黑土施肥适宜用量分别为N90kg/hm2、P2O569kg/hm2、K2O60kg/hm2;低肥力黑土施肥适宜用量分别为N200kg/hm2、P2O592kg/hm2、K2O30kg/hm2。氮肥对玉米的增产增收效果最好,是玉米高产的主要限制因子。玉米子粒吸收的养分随施肥量的增加而增加,肥料利用率随施肥量的增加而降低。
The balanced fertilization effect was studied on three kinds of fertile soil in the black soil area of Jilin Province. The results showed that balanced fertilization had a good effect of increasing yield and increasing yield of maize. The order of increase was low fertility black soil> middle fertility black soil> high fertility black soil. The optimum fertilization rates for high fertility black soil were N145kg / hm2, P2O546kg / hm2 and K2O90kg / hm2, respectively. The suitable fertilization rates for medium fertility black soil were N90kg / hm2, P2O569kg / hm2 and K2O60kg / hm2, hm2, P2O592kg / hm2, K2O30kg / hm2. Nitrogen fertilizer has the best effect on corn yield increase and yield, and is the main limiting factor for high yield of corn. The nutrients absorbed by maize seeds increased with the increase of fertilizer application rate, and the fertilizer utilization rate decreased with the increase of fertilizer application rate.