饲料中的中性洗涤纤维(NDF)含量和饲料颗粒直径是影响瘤胃功能的重要因素。试验评估了以颗粒饲料为主的奶牛瘤胃健康情况、NDF消化率和生产性能。选取8头荷斯坦母牛(336±30 d,体重346±35 kg),随机分配到交叉重复试验组中,奶牛安置于牛栏,自由采食。试验期为3周,前两周是适应期,最后一周为数据收集期。各组饲粮原料相同,但物理形式不同,分为全混合日粮(TMR)和颗粒料(直径=8 mm)。两组间物理有效NDF(pe NDF)不同,TMR组为39.8%,颗粒料组为11.8%。在试验过程中,干物质采食量(DMI)、饮水量、瘤胃反刍时间、瘤胃温度和pH情况均记录。3周后收集粪样,确定潜在的可消化NDF总消化率(pdNDF)。每阶段结束后计算平均日增重和饲料转化率。颗粒料组的DMI、DMI/体重和饮水量更高。而两组间平均日增重和饲料转化率无显著差异。颗粒料组的瘤胃反刍时间为241 min·d-1低于TMR组的507 min·d-1。饲料的不同物理外形对瘤胃温度、瘤胃pH无显著影响。TMR组的pdNDF总消化率为90.25%高于颗粒料组的86.82%。试验结果表明,动物易接受完整的颗粒饲料,DMI较高,且反刍时间减少,但瘤胃pH无显著变化。TMR组的pdNDF消化率显著增加。尽管两组奶牛在DMI和纤维消化方面表现不同,但总体表现相似,两组饲料的保存时间与其物理形式有关。在短期内,提供能满足NDF需求的完全颗粒饲料可改善瘤胃健康状况和动物生产性能,而较长时间的数据则需要进一步试验。 Feed neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content and feed particle diameter are important factors that affect rumen function. The trial evaluated rumen health, NDF digestibility and performance of dairy cows based on pelleted diets. Eight Holstein cows (336 ± 30 days, weighing 346 ± 35 kg) were selected and randomly assigned to a crossover repeat group. Cows were housed in a bull bar and fed ad libitum. The trial period is 3 weeks, the first two weeks is the adaptation period, and the last week is the data collection period. Each group had the same dietary material but different physical forms and was divided into TMR and pellet (diameter = 8 mm). The physically effective NDF (pe NDF) was different between the two groups, 39.8% for the TMR group and 11.8% for the pellet group. During the test, dry matter intake (DMI), water intake, rumen ruminal time, rumen temperature and pH were recorded. Fecal samples were collected after 3 weeks to determine the potential total digestible NDF digestibility (pdNDF). Average daily gain and feed conversion were calculated after each stage. The pellet group had higher DMI, DMI / body weight and water intake. There was no significant difference in average daily gain and feed conversion between the two groups. The rumen ruminal time of pellet group was 241 min · d-1, which was lower than that of TMR group (507 min · d-1). The different physical profiles of feed had no significant effect on rumen temperature and rumen pH. The total digestibility of pdNDF in TMR group was 90.25%, which was higher than 86.82% in granule group. The experimental results show that the animal is easy to accept the intact pellet feed, the DMI is higher and the rumination time is reduced, but the rumen pH has no significant change. The pdNDF digestibility of TMR group increased significantly. Although the performance of the two groups of cows in terms of DMI and fiber digestion was similar, the overall performance was similar, and the retention time of both groups was related to their physical form. In the short term, providing complete pellets that meet the NDF requirements will improve rumen health and animal performance, while longer data will require further testing.