从世界各国林业经营思想的转变着手,对现代林业思想内涵进行了剖析,指出和谐发展是现代林业建设的必由之路。二十世纪七八十年代以来,随着生态危机的凸现,人们对传统林业经营思想和经营模式进行了反思,提出了生态林业概念,后又逐渐演化为可持续林业、现代林业。然而,现代林业这个概念,还未被人们真正认识和正确理解,业外人士往往错误将“现代林业”当作“现代化”林业。业内人士也有不少人将“现代林业”抽象化,使“现代林业”远离社会,脱离实际,严重影响了中国现代林业的建设。 Starting from the change of the thought of forestry management in all countries in the world, the paper analyzes the connotation of modern forestry thought and points out that the harmonious development is the only way of modern forestry construction. Since the seventies and eighties of the twentieth century, with the emergence of the ecological crisis, people have rethought the traditional forestry management ideas and business models, put forward the concept of ecological forestry, and then gradually evolved into a sustainable forestry and modern forestry. However, the concept of modern forestry has not yet been really understood and correctly understood by people outside the industry, but outsiders often wrongly regard “modern forestry” as “modernized” forestry. Many people in the industry also abstained from “modern forestry” so that “modern forestry” is far away from society and out of touch with reality, seriously affecting the construction of modern forestry in China.