论文部分内容阅读
创造了一种用扩口器扩大青蛤两壳开口观察性腺颜色鉴定性别的新方法,同时改进了一种适用于青蛤性别鉴定的组织观察法。用两种方法对活体青蛤进行了性别鉴定并检验了准确性;然后在相同的条件下培养和催产鉴定性别的青蛤与对照组青蛤,检验了性别鉴定对存活和性腺发育的影响。结果表明,两种方法都能准确鉴定青蛤性别,成功率达到100%;存活率为(94.33%±1.53%)和(93.33%±1.53%),与对照组(95.00%±2.00%)差异不显著(P>0.05);产卵率为(87.33%±3.06%)和(84.67%±1.15%),与对照组(85.33%±3.06%)差异也不显著(P>0.05),即性别鉴定对存活和性腺发育未产生明显不良影响;扩口观察法的存活率和产卵率均高于组织观察法,但未达到显著性水平(P>0.05)。扩口观察法与组织观察法比较有明显的优点:(1)操作步骤少,鉴定效率高,所用时间只有后者的1/3,利于开展大群体的性别鉴定和群体间杂交;(2)鉴定可在性腺发育的中期开展,利于实验方案的制定;(3)无伤害;(4)可对性腺整体发育状况进行活体观察。
A new method of expanding sex ratio of sexes in gonads by enlarging the openings of the two clams of Cynara clavatus was also developed. Meanwhile, a histological observation method suitable for gender identification of Cyatheaceae was also improved. Two methods were used to identify and test the sex of the live clam. After that, the male and female clam of the sex were cultured and oxytocin cultured under the same conditions to test the influence of the gender identification on survival and gonadal development. The results showed that both methods can accurately identify the sex of the blue clam, the success rate reached 100%; the survival rate was (94.33% ± 1.53%) and (93.33% ± 1.53%), compared with the control group (95.00% ± 2.00%) (87.33% ± 3.06%) and (84.67% ± 1.15%) respectively, but not significantly different from that of the control group (85.33% ± 3.06%) (P> 0.05) Appraisal had no obvious adverse effect on survival and gonadal development. The survival rate and oviposition rate of flared observation were higher than that of histological observation, but did not reach the significant level (P> 0.05). Flaring observation and tissue observation have obvious advantages: (1) fewer procedures, identification of high efficiency, the use of time is only one-third of the latter, which is conducive to carry out large groups of sex identification and inter-group hybridization; (2) Identification of gonadal development in the mid-phase, which will help the development of experimental protocols; (3) no harm; (4) the overall development of gonads in vivo observation.