在新形势下,怎样建立起符合社会主义市场经济体制要求,能够适应农村经济发展,在保障农民健康方面切实发挥作用的医疗保障制度,是当前亟待研究解决的一个重要问题。农村合作医疗应当改为农民基本医疗保障制度我国农村的合作医疗制度产生于60年代中期,是以乡村集体经济为依托,对农民实行医疗保障与卫生服务合一的制度。在60年代末70年代初有一个大发展,到80年代后,农村的经济体制发生了很大变化,单一的集体经济变成了以家庭联产承包责任制为主体的多元经济,农村政社合一、村队合一的体制也发生了根本变化,依托于乡村集体的乡镇卫生院、村卫生室从经济上都已独立经营管理,农村合作医疗制度失去了传统体制下集体经济的依托,在大部分乡村已发挥不出 Under the new circumstances, how to establish a medical security system that meets the requirements of the socialist market economic system, can adapt to the development of the rural economy, and plays a role in ensuring the health of farmers is an important issue that needs urgent study and solution. Rural cooperative medical care should be changed to a basic medical insurance system for farmers. The rural cooperative medical system in China emerged in the mid-1960s. It is based on the rural collective economy and integrates medical insurance and health services with farmers. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, there was a great development. After the 1980s, the rural economic system had undergone great changes. A single collective economy has become a multi-economy based on the household contract responsibility system, rural government and government. The system of uniting one village with one village has also undergone fundamental changes. The township health centers and village clinics that rely on the rural collective have independently operated and managed economically. The rural cooperative medical system has lost the support of the collective economy under the traditional system. In most villages it has not been played