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西汉时期的西域都护府治所乌磊城与“西域三十六国”之一的且末城,在历史文献中曾多次出现。然而由于尚未发现合乎描述的古城或者证明古城身份的证据,目前的考古界对于这两座古城的具体位置未能确定。在总结前人研究成果的基础之上,首先利用《汉书·西域传》中所记载的古城间道里数,结合数字地图空间分析以及自然地理环境与路网关系,对两个未知古城嫌疑热点区域进行定位。其次,利用合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)对干旱地表的穿透性,定量评估了L波段PALSAR-2卫星(Phased Array Type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar)在古城热点区域的穿透深度。结果表明:在位于阳霞绿洲东北缘的西域都护府疑似区,PALSAR-2穿透能力有限,次地表古城直接探测并不可行,需通过对周边古河道、古道路以及古烽燧等的探测及空间分析确定其位置;然而在位于今且末县城北约100km的且末古城疑似区,PALSAR-2穿透性较好,具备直接探测次地表古城的潜力。
During the Western Han Dynasty, both the western region of Wufu Prefecture and Wuercheng, one of the “Western Regions,” have appeared many times in historical documents. However, due to the fact that no evidence of the ancient city or the identity of the ancient city has been found yet, the exact location of these two ancient cities can not be determined by the current archeology. On the basis of summarizing the research results of the predecessors, this paper first uses the number of miles in the ancient city recorded in “Han and Western Regions Biography”, combined with the spatial analysis of the digital map and the relationship between the natural geographical environment and the road network, Regional positioning. Secondly, the penetrating depth of the Phased Array Type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar in hotspot area of the ancient city was quantitatively evaluated by using the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) The results show that the penetrating power of PALSAR-2 is limited in the suspected area of Dufudu Prefecture in the northeastern margin of Yangxia Oasis, and the direct detection of subsurface ancient city is not feasible. The detection of surrounding ancient river courses, ancient roads and ancient bensuites And spatial analysis to determine its location; however, in the suspected area of Qiemo city located about 100km north of the present-day county of Qianshan County, PALSAR-2 has better penetrating ability and has the potential of directly detecting the subsurface ancient city.