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新时期迅猛崛起的报告文学 ,是当代纪实文学文体的出发点和生长源。在报告文学中 ,作为文学“异己者”的 ,是新闻。 80年代中期以后 ,越来越多的作家有意淡化新闻性 ,一些新的“异己者”进入纪实文学取代了新闻的位置。它们是社会调查、政论、历史。文学与社会调查、政论的结合 ,产生了新的文体“当代纪实” ;与历史的结合 ,产生了新的文体“历史纪实” ;而纪实文学对文学自身审美特性的回归 ,产生了新的文体“纪实小说”。通过对这些文体的考察 ,可以认清当代纪实文学文体演进的大致面貌。
The reportage rising rapidly in the new era is the starting point and source of the contemporary documentary literature style. In reportage, news as the “alien” of literature is news. Since the mid-1980s, more and more writers have intentionally played down the news, and some new “alienators” have entered documentary literature to take the place of news. They are social surveys, political theory, history. The combination of literature and social investigation and political theory has produced a new style of “contemporary documentary”; the combination with history has produced a new style of “historical documentary”; while the return of documentary literature to the aesthetic characteristics of literature has created a new style of writing “Documentary novel.” Through the investigation of these literary styles, we can understand the general appearance of contemporary documentary literary style evolution.