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城市大气污染主要分为煤烟型和光化学烟雾型。1952年伦敦发生煤烟型大气污染,直接和间接导致1.2万人死亡;20世纪40年代洛杉矶光化学烟雾,造成65岁以上的老人死亡400多人,因此,大气污染引起人类高度关注。我国城市大气污染日趋严重,已变为大面积的城市群复合污染,主要分布在京津冀、长三角、珠三角等城市群,交通对大气污染的“贡献率”正在上升。交通科技工作者应当严肃地将交通节能减排、改善大气环境摆在更加突出的位置,研究并制定有效的措施。为此,上海市交通工程学会于2013年11月14日召开“发展低碳绿色交通,改善大气环境质量”专家恳谈会,请专家建言。现将专家发言摘要刊登,以起到抛砖引玉、全社会共献良策的效果。
Urban air pollution is mainly divided into soot and photochemical smog. In 1952, the soot-type air pollution in London directly and indirectly caused 12,000 deaths. Los Angeles photochemical smog in the 1940s led to more than 400 deaths for the elderly over the age of 65. Therefore, the air pollution has drawn great attention from human beings. The urban air pollution in our country is becoming increasingly serious and has become a compound pollution of large urban agglomerations, mainly distributed in urban agglomerations such as Beijing, Tianjin, the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta. The “contribution rate” of traffic to air pollution is on the rise. Traffic science and technology workers should seriously put traffic energy-saving emission reduction, improve the atmospheric environment in a more prominent position to study and formulate effective measures. To this end, Shanghai Institute of Transportation Engineering on November 14, 2013 held “experts in the development of low-carbon green transport, improve the quality of the atmosphere ” roundtable, please experts advice. The expert presentations are now published in summary, in order to play a valuable role, the entire community together to give good results.