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目的探讨地震灾区茂县城区百姓与救灾部队震后7~9周具有创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)样症状反应程度。方法应用17个条目的PCL(根据《美国精神疾病诊断分类标准》第4版修订(DSM-Ⅳ)对创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)的诊断症状标准制定),对条目进行通俗性表达,使军人和老百姓能够理解,也符合对地震后老百姓和救灾军人PTSD的调查,但PCL每个条目的基本意思不变,按照1~4的4级评分,对百姓通过深入棚区逐棚进行走访调查,对多支救灾部队先进行分层抽样,再进行整群调查;统计时分别按照每个条目的得分、17个条目的总分、17个条目分成的3类症状总分进行,PTSD的症状反应标准是总分达到40分。结果茂县震后7~9周被调查的灾民符合PTSD症状反应诊断的阳性率较高(28.37%),部队官兵符合PTSD症状反应诊断的阳性率较低(3.9%),两者差异具有非常显著的统计学意义(χ2=63.28,P<0.0001)。结论地震后2个月恰恰是重灾区灾民创伤后应激障碍的形成期,需要进行较长期的跟踪调查,对重点人员要进行及时的干预,以减少创伤后应激障碍的发生。部队官兵预防PTSD发生的重点人群是参加过清理尸体,多次经历危险,劳动强度又比较大的人员。
Objective To investigate the degree of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) -like symptom reaction in people and disaster relief forces in Maoxian urban area from 7 to 9 weeks after the earthquake. METHODS: A total of 17 items of PCL (standardized according to the Diagnostic Criteria for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) based on the Fourth Revision of the Diagnostic Classification of Mental Illnesses (DSM-IV)) Military personnel and people can understand, but also in line with the survey after the earthquake PTSD people and disaster-stricken soldiers, but the basic meaning of each item of the PCL unchanged, according to 1 to 4 of 4 grades, people visited the shed through the shed to shed , Multi-branch disaster relief troops stratified sampling, and then the cluster survey; statistics were based on the score of each item, the total score of 17 entries, 17 entries divided into three categories of symptom scores, PTSD symptoms Response standard is the total score of 40 points. Results The positive rate of patients diagnosed by PTSD was higher (28.37%) than that of those affected by PTSD at 7-9 weeks after the earthquake in Maoxian County. The positive rate of the response to PTSD was lower (3.9%) among the officers and men of the armed forces. The differences between the two groups were significant The statistical significance (χ2 = 63.28, P <0.0001). Conclusions Two months after the earthquake, it is exactly the formation period of post-traumatic stress disorder among the victims in the hardest-hit areas. It is necessary to conduct long-term follow-up surveys and make timely interventions for key personnel so as to reduce the incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder. The key personnel in the prevention and control of PTSD among officers and soldiers of the armed forces are those who have taken part in cleaning up their bodies, repeatedly experiencing danger, and having relatively heavy labor intensity.