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为了在H13钢表面获得显微硬度呈梯度分布的铁基合金熔覆层,试验选取了三种铁基合金粉末FJ-1粉末、铁基合金粉末1号和高铬铁基合金粉末逐层进行激光熔覆,并探究了每层熔覆时的工艺参数,最终获得了由三种粉末堆积成的铁基合金梯度熔覆层,并对熔覆层的表面硬度、结合状态、组织和显微硬度等进行了分析。结果表明,三种粉末逐层熔覆后的梯度熔覆层表现出了表面平整、表面硬度较高、内部组织无明显缺陷且层间结合紧密的特征。熔覆层顶层晶粒细小,夹层和底层晶粒逐渐变大,熔覆层与H13钢结合处呈现良好的冶金结合特性。各层的显微硬度由基体逐渐向顶层升高,呈明显的梯度分布,最终得到梯度熔覆层。
In order to obtain a gradient distribution of iron-based alloy cladding layer on the surface of H13 steel, three kinds of iron-based alloy powder FJ-1 powder, iron-based alloy powder No. 1 and high-chromium iron-based alloy powder were selected to be layer by layer Laser cladding, and the process parameters of each cladding were explored. Finally, an iron-based alloy gradient cladding layer composed of three powders was obtained, and the surface hardness, bonding state, microstructure and microstructure Hardness and other analysis. The results show that the graded coatings after three layers of powder cladding have the characteristics of smooth surface, high surface hardness, no obvious internal structure defects and tight interlayer bonding. The top layer of the cladding layer is small in grain size, the interlayer and the bottom layer grain become larger, and the metallurgical bonding characteristic between the cladding layer and the H13 steel is good. The microhardness of each layer gradually increased from the substrate to the top layer, showing a gradient distribution, and finally the gradient cladding layer was obtained.