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目的 检测放疗对肿瘤患者外周血淋巴细胞DNA损伤情况 ,为监测放射剂量对机体正常组织的损伤提供可靠的量化指标。方法 采用单细胞凝胶电泳技术 ,测定 31例放疗患者不同阶段外周血淋巴细胞DNA损伤情况 ,同时测定血清中丙二醛 (MDA)浓度和过氧化氢酶 (CAT)的活性。结果 31例肿瘤患者中有 9例出现细胞损伤 ,其中有 3例患者拖尾长度随着照射剂量的增大而增加。本次实验最早出现慧星现象是在体外放疗剂量达 2 0Gy(体外放疗 10次 )。MDA的含量在放疗前与放疗 2 0次后 (约 4 0Gy)比较差异有显著性 ;血清中CAT活性在放疗前与放疗 10次后比较有差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 一定剂量放射线对肿瘤患者外周血淋巴细胞DNA有损伤作用 ,把握好放射剂量是临床治疗的关键。
Objective To detect the DNA damage of peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with tumors by radiotherapy, and to provide reliable quantitative indicators for monitoring the damage of radiation dose to normal tissues. Methods Single cell gel electrophoresis was used to determine the DNA damage of peripheral blood lymphocytes in 31 patients at different stages of radiotherapy. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and catalase (CAT) activity were measured. Results Cell injury was found in 9 out of 31 cancer patients. The length of tail in 3 patients increased with the increase of irradiation dose. The first occurrence of cometary phenomena in this experiment was the in vitro radiotherapy dose of 20 Gy (10 times in vitro radiotherapy). The content of MDA before radiotherapy was significantly different from that after radiotherapy (about 40 Gy). The activity of CAT in serum was different before radiotherapy and after radiotherapy (P < 0.05). Conclusion A dose of radiation can damage DNA of peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with cancer. Grasping radiation dose is the key to clinical treatment.