肺炎支原体是一种缺乏细胞壁的革兰阴性菌，主要侵犯呼吸道，也可引起多系统损害。研究表明，在病原菌感染时，高密度脂蛋白可以结合并中和革兰阴性菌细胞壁中的脂多糖和革兰阳性菌细胞壁中的磷壁酸，抑制炎性反应，对机体起保护作用。由于肺炎支原体缺乏细胞壁，在肺炎支原体感染时体内高密度脂蛋白代谢变化如何？本研究就肺炎支原体感染与高密度脂蛋白代谢的研究进展作一综述。“,”Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a Gram-negative bacterium without cell wall, which mainly invades the respiratory tract and also can cause multi-system damage.Studies have shown that high-density lipoprotein can bind and neutralize lipopolysaccharide in the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria and phosphoric acid in the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria, inhibiting inflammation and protecting the body during pathogen infection.Because mycoplasma pneumoniae lacks cell walls, there were almost no studies about high density lipoprotein metabolism changes during mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.This paper will review the research progress of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and high-density lipoprotein metabolism.