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现代国际资本的跨国流动中,促成跨国直接投资经营的主要动因之一就是试图绕过国际贸易中的关税和非关税壁垒,即企业以直接到国外从事生产经营活动来取代传统的国际贸易方式,但最终目的仍然是试图扩大其产品在东道国乃至全球范围的实际销售额。现实中,特定行业市场的产业国际化程度越低,直接投资进入该行业市场的阻力或障碍往往便越大、越多,且所引致的综合经营成本也越高,甚至可能高过此种商品在国际贸易情况下的交易成本。所以,国际跨国经营企业历来比较关注进入东道国特定行业市场进入障碍对其所造成的种种经营劣势和成本劣势,国为这些进入障碍本身就是直接投资环境之一。
One of the main motives for the promotion of transnational direct investment in the transnational flows of modern international capital is to try to bypass the tariff and non-tariff barriers in international trade, that is, enterprises engage in production and business activities directly abroad to replace traditional international trade methods. But the ultimate goal is still to try to expand the actual sales of its products in the host country and even in the world. In reality, the lower the degree of internationalization of industries in specific industry markets, the greater the resistance or obstacles to direct investment in the market, and the higher the resulting overall operating costs, and may even be higher than such commodities. Transaction costs in the context of international trade. Therefore, international multinational corporations have always been concerned about the various operational disadvantages and cost disadvantages caused by barriers to entry into the host country’s specific industry market. The country is one of the direct investment environments for these barriers to entry.