哮喘是呼吸道常见病,由多种细胞(嗜酸性粒细胞、肥大细胞、T淋巴细胞、中性细胞及气道上皮细胞等)和细胞组分共同参与的气道慢性炎症性疾病。目前该病发病率呈日益上升趋势,由此导致哮喘防治费用明显增加,给社会造成较大经济负担,也对家庭生活和患儿学习生活带来影响。形势所迫,应有更好对策来解决这一全球关注问题。到目前为止,哮喘病因和发病机制没有得到完整揭示。作为一种有着强烈遗传因素的异质性疾病,其发病机制复杂,病理生理和临床表型也多样,其中存在着遗传与 Asthma is a common respiratory disease, a variety of cells (eosinophils, mast cells, T lymphocytes, neutrophils and airway epithelial cells, etc.) and cell components involved in the common airway chronic inflammatory disease. The current incidence of the disease is on the rise, resulting in a significant increase in the cost of prevention and treatment of asthma, causing greater financial burden on the community, but also on the family life and children’s learning and life impact. The situation forced, there should be better measures to solve this global concern. So far, the etiology and pathogenesis of asthma have not been completely revealed. As a heterogeneous disease with a strong genetic factor, its pathogenesis is complex, its pathophysiology and clinical phenotype are diverse,