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提升森林的生态服务功能已经成为当前生态文明建设中森林经营的重要目标。本文以江苏省溧水林场4种典型北亚热带次生森林群落为研究对象,利用FORET模型分别对自然状态下与人工抚育条件下的森林动态过程开展模拟研究。通过比较实施抚育措施前后物种重要值和群落生物量的变化,对不同森林抚育措施的效果进行评价。模型模拟结果显示,对于组成接近地带性植被的麻栎(Quercus acutissima)+栓皮栎(Q.variabilis)群落,常用抚育措施下森林群落组成结构的变化与其自然演替相比并无明显差异;而对于处于演替早期阶段的马尾松(Pinus massoniana)+白栎(Q.fabri)群落、冬青(Ilex chinensis)+马尾松群落和麻栎+马尾松群落,综合实施透光伐、补植和除伐等抚育措施有利于其向地带性植物群落的快速演替,同时可促进群落的生物量累积。本研究表明,林隙模型在森林经营辅助决策方面具有潜在的应用价值,可成为森林抚育效果定量评估的有用工具。
Increasing the ecological service function of the forest has become an important goal of forest management in the current ecological civilization construction. In this paper, four typical subtropical secondary forest communities in Lishui Forest Farm of Jiangsu Province were selected as the research object. The FORET model was used to simulate the dynamic forest processes under natural and artificial tending conditions. The effects of different forest tending measures were evaluated by comparing the changes of species importance and community biomass before and after the implementation of tending measures. The results of model simulations showed that there was no significant difference in the compositional structure of forest communities under the common tending measures between Quercus acutissima and Q.variabilis communities which formed close to zonal vegetation. For the Pinus massoniana + Q.fabri community, Ilex chinensis + Masson pine community and Quercus acutissima + Pinus massoniana community in the early successional stage, the translucent cutting, replanting and removal The cutting and other tending measures are beneficial to their rapid succession to zonal plant communities and at the same time promote the accumulation of biomass in the community. This study shows that the gap model has potential application value in forest management decision-making and can be a useful tool for quantitative evaluation of forest tending effects.