（一） “人的异化”是贯穿２０世纪西方戏剧的重要主题之一。为了表现这一主题，戏剧家们不仅创造了各种各样的新型表现手段，而且导致了戏剧思维方式的根本变化。 对于这种变化，著名文艺理论家卢卡契早就做过论述。他指出，在希腊悲剧中，心灵与行动、个人与社会是和谐统一 (1) “Human Alienation” is one of the major themes that permeate the Western drama of the 20th century. In order to express this theme, the dramatists not only created a variety of new means of expression, but also led to fundamental changes in the way of dramatic thinking. For this change, well-known literary theorist Lukacs made long discussion. He pointed out that in the Greek tragedy, the mind and the action, the individual and the society are in harmony and unity