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砂岩储层古孔隙度特征和演化过程是油气成藏机制研究的重点和难点。现行方法存在一些缺陷,包括影响因素考虑不全面,应用过程复杂繁琐,运用结果可靠性不高,不能体现孔隙度演化的整个过程。本文提出一种新的砂岩古孔隙度恢复研究方法,综合考虑了建设性和破坏性成岩作用的影响,建立砂岩孔隙度演化的数学模型,以此恢复砂岩孔隙度演化的整个过程。建立的模型以效应模拟为原则,包括增孔作用和减孔作用模型,通过模型叠加得到总孔隙度演化模型。模型以时间为变量、现今孔隙度为约束条件体现动态性和可靠性。在镇泾地区的应用结果表明,镇泾地区砂岩孔隙度演化受到构造和沉积相的控制,优质储层主要分布在水下分流河道和局部微构造的高点。储集层孔隙度演化过程是高产油藏的主控因素。
The paleo-porosity characteristics and evolution of sandstone reservoirs are the key and difficult points in the study of hydrocarbon accumulation mechanisms. The existing methods have some shortcomings, including the incomplete consideration of the influencing factors, the complex and cumbersome application process, the low reliability of the application results and the inability to reflect the whole process of the evolution of porosity. In this paper, a new method of paleo-porosity restoration of sandstone is proposed. Considering the influence of constructive and destructive diagenesis, a mathematical model of sandstone porosity evolution is established to recover the whole process of sandstone porosity evolution. The model is based on the principle of effect simulation, including the model of pore-forming and pore-reducing effect. The model of total porosity evolution is obtained through the model superposition. The model takes time as a variable, porosity as a constraint condition reflects the dynamic and reliability. The application results in Zhenjing area show that the sandstone porosity evolution in Zhenjing area is controlled by tectonism and sedimentary facies, and the high-quality reservoirs are mainly distributed in the submarine distributary channel and the high point of local micro-structure. The evolution of reservoir porosity is the dominant factor in high-yield reservoirs.