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讀了《安徽农业科学》1963年第5期发表的宋宗淼同志所写的《略談平均数》一文后,感到所談的范围很广,但嫌得过于簡略,特别是关于平均数的概念及大样本平均数的求法等等都沒有或很少提到。本人仅就宋同志文中的“平均数和标准差”加以补充,至于“平均数的正确性”“利用平均数进行数学分析”两节,由于篇幅所限,本文暫不討論。管見所及,請广大讀者和宋宗淼同志提出指正与批評。一、关于平均数的概念平均数是研究事物数量变異現象最重要和最常用的統計数之一。通常我們研究任何現象总体,首先要注意一般特征,确定它的典型代表;如果是研究数量变異的現象,由于总体各个单位之間是有差異的,那么要寻求代表值,反映出典型的特征就要借助于平均数。例如,
After reading the article entitled “A Brief History of Mean” by Comrade Song Zong Miao published in Anhui Agricultural Sciences, Issue 5, 1963, the scope of the discussion is very broad but too simplistic, especially concerning the concept of averages and There are no or very few references to large sample averages. I only supplement the “Mean and Standard Deviation” in Comrade Song’s text. As for the “correctness of the average” and “using the average for mathematical analysis,” we will not discuss this article due to limited space. In my opinion, I urge readers and Comrade Song Zongmiao to correct me and criticize them. First, the concept of the average averages is to study the phenomenon of variation in the number of things the most important and one of the most commonly used statistics. Usually we study the general phenomenon of any phenomenon, we must first pay attention to the general characteristics, to determine its typical representative; if it is the phenomenon of quantitative variation, due to the overall differences between the various units, then to seek representative values, reflecting the typical characteristics We need to resort to the average. E.g,