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目的了解阿克苏地区禽流感职业暴露人群感染情况和外环境禽流感病毒的污染情况,为人禽流感防控提供依据。方法 2012年1月-2016年9月,采集从事家禽养殖、销售、屠宰等人群血清标本,用红细胞血凝抑制试验检测H5、H7、H9禽流感抗体;采集城乡活禽市场环境标本,用荧光定量PCR方法检测禽流感病毒Flu A、H5、H9、H7亚型核酸。结果 253份职业暴露人群血清抗体检出H9N2阳性1份,阳性率为0.40%,未检出H5N1和H7N9抗体阳性。采集的外环境标本1 028份,检出阳性171份,总阳性率为16.63%,其中H9阳性165份,阳性率为16.05%;H5阳性6份,阳性率为0.58%,未检测出H7亚型阳性标本。不同季度禽流感监测结果为第一季度最高,第三季度最低,差异有统计学意义(χ2=19.454,P<0.05)。结论阿克苏地区外环境禽流感病毒污染比较严重,H9亚型禽流感病毒是主要的病原体,需进一步加强监测。
Objective To understand the infection status of avian flu occupational exposure and the contamination of external environment avian influenza virus in Aksu region and provide basis for the prevention and control of human bird flu. Methods From January 2012 to September 2016, serum samples from poultry raising, marketing and slaughtering were collected. Antibodies to H5, H7 and H9 were detected by erythrocyte hemagglutination inhibition test. Environmental samples were collected from live market in urban and rural areas, Quantitative PCR method for detection of Flu A, H5, H9, H7 subtype nucleic acids of avian influenza virus. Results A total of 253 H9N2 positive samples were detected in 253 exposed workers, the positive rate was 0.40%. H5N1 and H7N9 antibodies were not detected. A total of 1 028 samples of environmental samples were collected, 171 were positive, the total positive rate was 16.63%, of which 165 positive for H9, the positive rate was 16.05%; 6 positive for H5, the positive rate was 0.58% Positive samples. The monitoring results of bird flu in different quarters were the highest in the first quarter and the lowest in the third quarter, with significant difference (χ2 = 19.454, P <0.05). Conclusion The outbreak of avian influenza virus in Aksu region is rather serious. H9 subtype of avian influenza virus is the main pathogen and needs further monitoring.